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Yesterday’s rally of nearly 1.5% brought the US equity market halfway back from its 3% decline dealt largely on Tuesday over concerns China’s growth may be slowing. A similar drop in Treasury bonds also rattled investors as they feared the Fed’s $600 billion bond purchase program designed to stimulate the economy would spark inflation. Investors sold US government debt driving some yields their highest levels in more than three months. The 7-10 year Treasury index is down a little over 1% for the week as of yesterday’s close. 

While officially the recession is over, that view is a tough sale for real estate people, furniture reps, car dealers, travel agents, city employees, waiters, barbers, or you fill-in-the-blank. The severity of pain varies, but even those with sufficient means to maintain lifestyle have curtailed their spending for reasons ranging from prudence to appearances. The result is an economy struggling to maintain enough forward progress to avoid tumbling back down the hill.

As the manufacturing side of the economy shows signs of fatigue, the much larger service sector appears to be waking up. Tuesday’s strong report sent the Dow Jones Industrials up almost 200 points or 1.8%. But the pickup is not nearly fast enough to generate sufficient job growth to cut into the 9.6% unemployment rate reported today.  

September’s gain of 8.92% (total return) for the S&P 500 index represented the largest increase for the month since 1936. The most widely used gauge of value, the price/earnings ratio shows stocks are still reasonably valued at 12.5 times projected earnings for the next 12 months. Projections are for earnings to grow 36% this year and 15% next. In the past two weeks individuals’ confidence in stocks has risen the most since March 2009, according to the American Association of Individual Investors. The March 2009 rise in sentiment preceded an 82% rise in stock values which peaked most recently in April of this year.

Once again a headline issue with both near and long-term impact on this country’s economic future was decided by the majority party, completely on political terms; this time it was for personal survival. Going back a few months it was in the name of economic survival. The extravagant American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 was supposed to save the day. Some derided the $787 billion bill as “Speaker Pelosi’s Payoffs and Pork Bill.” In fact it provided limited if any stimulus impact. And the crowning accomplishment of the majority party: The Affordable Healthcare for America Act. This massive sea-change of American culture and economy was literally rammed down the throats not only of the minority party in Congress, but the American people.

Is the economy falling into recession or is it merely stalling? The S&P 500 is off its April high by 12% while the rally in the 10-year US Treasury has driven yields to 2.55%, the lowest in 17 months. Yesterday the government’s leading economic indicators showed an increase of .1% in July provides hope that the economy is merely in a stall. But jobs, housing, and even manufacturing which has been a bright spot for the economy were more worrisome as they each declined this week. While the economic numbers were mostly negative this week, there is a bright spot. Intel’s acquisition of security software maker McAfee brings the August total of announced takeovers to more than $175 billion. Acquisitions are on a pace for August to surpass March as the biggest month for deals this year, according to Bloomberg. The month is typically the slowest.

The mood on Wall Street has brightened considerably over the last couple of weeks. With only one down day in the last 12 (not counting Tuesday’s decline of .06%) the S&P has rallied 7.5% so far this September, following the worst August since 2001 losing 4.7%. September is traditionally a bad month for stocks as companies begin warning of earnings disappointments for the third quarter and mutual fund managers return to stir their pots as they return from summer vacations.

Whatever economists ultimately label this period in American history, no doubt fear will play a large part in their description of it. Confidence numbers among consumers, investors, voters, and businesses hit all-time lows in 2008 and are only gradually coming back. The declines in economic indicators this summer sparked new fears, including a return to recession, even deflation. The new wave of trepidation drove many investors out of stocks once again and back into the short-term safety of money markets and short Treasuries.

Political strategist James Carville won the election for Bill Clinton when he turned the campaign’s focus toward the economy to unseat President George H. W. Bush who was considered unbeatable because of his successful foreign policy. An article in the Capital Journal Section of today’s Wall Street Journal by Gerald Seib sums up the problem facing not only the Democratic party this election cycle but the economy in general. “Fact One: The unemployment rate is the most important of all leading political indicators. Fact Two: If the August unemployment number to be announced Friday tops 9% [it increased from 9.5% to 9.6% last month] the jobless rate will have been above that level for 16 straight months. Already, the U.S. is mired in the longest such stretch of 9%-plus joblessness in more than a quarter of a century.”